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Halil (Bernstein)
''Halil'' is a work for flute and chamber orchestra composed by Leonard Bernstein composed in 1981. The work is sixteen minutes in length. Bernstein composed ''Halil'' in honor of a young Israeli flutist Yadin Tanenbaum who was killed at the Suez Canal in during the 1973 Yom Kippur war. The work was premiered at the Sultan’s Pool in Jerusalem on May 27, 1981 with Jean-Pierre Rampal as the soloist and Bernstein conducting the Israel Philharmonic.〔Jack Gottlieb, ''Leonard Bernstein: A Complete Catalogue of His Works'' (New York: Jalni Publications/Boosey and Hawkes, 1988): 28.〕 The American premiere took place at Tanglewood on July 4, 1981 with Doriot Anthony Dwyer as the soloist and members of the Boston Symphony Orchestra.〔Leonard Bernstein, ''Halil: Nocturne for Flute, Percussion, and Piano'' (New York and London: Boosey and Hawkes, 1981): ii.〕
==Instrumentation==
''Halil'' is scored for solo flute, piccolo and alto flute, timpani, five percussionists (four snare drums, bass drum, four tom toms, a pair of cymbals, high and low crash cymbals, high and low gongs, chimes, tam-tam, high and low triangles, four woodblocks, whip, xylophone, glockenspiel, and vibraphone), harp, and strings. In the 1987 version for flute, piano, and percussion the timpani becomes optional and the keyboard percussion parts (xylophone, glockenspiel, and vibraphone) are eliminated. Bernstein notes, “Piccolo and Alto Flute, in the orchestral version, must sound from a distance and be unseen."
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